PRE-WORKOUT
Regular price
$49.99
Sale
-
11 Performance Enhancing Ingredients
-
Amplifies Muscle Strength, Size, & Endurance*
-
Improves Blood Flow For Massive Pumps*
-
Amplifies Mental Sharpness & Toughness*
-
Mixes Easily & Great Tasting Flavors
-
30 Servings Per Container
Insane energy. Skin tearing pumps. Laser focus. These are all claims you have probably read on the labels in the endless sea of pre-workouts on the market today. They promise the best workout of your life, hulk-like strength, and the endurance to power through your most grueling training sessions. You feel inspired as you head to the gym fueled by one of these magical elixirs that you think will take your game to the next level. You warm-up, hit the weights, and 15 minutes later you feel like you hit a brick wall. The disappointment sets in as you realize that the pre-workout you spent your hard earned money on was all hype and no bite.
The fact is most pre-workouts are a dime a dozen. They over promise and grossly under deliver. A combination of ineffective and under-dosed ingredients are usually the culprits that try to rob you of your precious gains. Additionally most pre-workouts only address one or two aspects of performance enhancement. They use ingredients that make you “feel” something but do little to prep you physiologically for your upcoming workout and produce results. Athletes are not one dimensional. Your pre-workout shouldn’t be either. You want a pre-workout that addresses ALL aspects of performance enhancement and you want it in one comprehensive formula that contains ingredients that actually work.
It’s time to stop relying on the hype and deception of other pre-workouts. That is why SS Pro Supplements created PRE-WORKOUT. A comprehensive pre-training formula that uses research backed and clinically dosed ingredients proven to enhance performance and produce results in the gym and on the playing field. The synergistic combination of ingredients found in PRE-WORKOUT deliver what other pre-workouts can’t...energy, focus, pump, and ultimately improved performance.
Citrulline:
L-Citrulline is an amino acid that plays an important role in nitric oxide metabolism and regulation.It is converted to L-Arginine in the body to support L-Arginine and nitric oxide levels. Increased production of nitric oxide (NO) promotes vascular dilation which improves oxygen and blood circulation throughout the body. L-Citrulline is also expected to relieve muscle fatigue through ammonia elimination.
Taurine:
Taurine is one of the most important, useful, and safest amino acids. Taurine is best known for its beneficial effects on the heart and cardiovascular system. Early clinical research also suggests that taurine, in combination with caffeine, can produce improvements in mental performance. When the body engages in extreme physical activity, it no longer will be able to produce the necessary amounts of taurine, therefore supplementation becomes necessary.
L-Arginine Alpha Ketoglutarate:
L-Arginine is a semi-essential amino acid and is a chemical precursor to nitric oxide (a blood vessel-widening agent). In a fitness and bodybuilding context, L-Arginine is believed to support blood and oxygen flow to and from the muscles. L-Arginine also triggers the body to make protein and has been studied for healing wounds, bodybuilding, and preventing tissue degradation in people with critical illnesses.
Agmatine Sulfate:
Agmatine Sulfate is a byproduct of Arginine through decarboxylation. It produces other by-products that are involved in cell growth, structural and metabolic support to the nervous system. Decarboxylated arginine cannot be broken down in the liver and consequently increases blood flow to working muscles through vasodilation. Agmatine has also been shown to manipulate pain receptors which may allow you to train past normal pain thresholds.
AstraGin:
AstraGin is a 100% natural compound composed of highly fractionated Astragalus and Panax Notoginseng. Multiple clinical studies affirm this ingredient's ability to significantly improve the absorption of critical nutrients and increase ATP production.
3-Aminopropanoic Acid (Beta-Alanine):
Beta-alanine is a naturally occurring amino acid, but it is not used to build proteins (i.e. muscles, body tissue or enzymes). It is used to make the dipeptide carnosine, which is an important acid buffer in the muscles. Beta-alanine is the rate-limiting precursor of carnosine, which means that carnosine levels are limited by the amount of available beta-alanine. Beta-alanine is also a component of the B vitamin pantothenic acid (B5).
N-Acetyl Tyrosine:
Tyrosine is an essential amino acid whose primary role in the body is as the direct precursor to thyroxine and to the hormones dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine. Tyrosine may improve both endurance and anaerobic performance via metabolic and/or neurotransmitter upregulation. Tyrosine also improves mental acuity, focus, and mood by increasing levels of catecholamines found in the bloodstream. A study done at the Naval Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory reported that a dose of L-Tyrosine, when provided to sleep-deprived subjects, ameliorated psychomotor performance declines associated with mental fatigue.
Caffeine Anhydrous:
Caffeine Anhydrous is simply caffeine with no water (around .05%). This has been shown to make caffeine anhydrous more potent because the body will absorb it more readily. Although caffeine can affect a wide variety of motor and mental functions it is most commonly used to improve endurance exercise, focus and cognitive performance, and improve energy levels. Caffeine has also been shown to have a thermogenic effect (heating/calorie burning) at rest and may increase the use of fats for fuel during exercise. In a study conducted by Astorino et al. (2010), active men given caffeine before resistance training were able to increase maximal torque, power, and volume by 5-8%.
Theanine:
L-Theanine is an amino acid, that when consumed produces GABA and glutamate, two neurotransmitters that act on the brain to reduce the perception stress. Research suggests that L-Theanine’s biggest supplemental role may be in taking the “edge” off of other stimulants. A combination of L-Theanine with caffeine is noted to be synergistic in promoting thermogenesis, cognition, and attention. Giesbrecht et al. found the combination of L-theanine and caffeine significantly improved accuracy during task switching, self-reported alertness, and reduced self-reported tiredness.
Acontium Kusnezoffi Extract:
A DMAA like compound that carries out a variety of similar functions to other psychoactive central nervous system stimulants, including enhancing energy levels, enhancing cognitive function, decreasing appetite and improving bronchodilation. Acontium has also been shown to increase levels of dopamine and noradrenaline; two hormones responsible for making you "feel good" and allowing you to perform in stressful situations.
Q: How should I take PRE-WORKOUT:
A: As a dietary supplement, mix one scoop with 6-8 ounces of cold water and consume 30 minutes prior to training.
Q: Can I take PRE-WORKOUT with other stimulants?
A: We don't recommend taking other stimulants with PRE-WORKOUT due to the efficacious amounts already found in this formula.
Q: I see PRE-WORKOUT has 350mg of caffeine. Is that amount safe?
A: Generally speaking, yes. A large review by the European Food Safety Authority concluded that a daily safe dose of 400mg is safe for adults. We recommend starting with a half scoop to assess your tolerance before moving on to a full scoop.
A: A lot of other pre-workouts use ingredients that are ineffective or not properly dosed. All the ingredients in PRE-WORKOUT are research backed and dosed efficaciously based on the current scientific literature.
Citrulline:
- Bendahan, D., Mattei, J. P., Ghattas, B., Confort-Gouny, S., Le Guern, M. E., & Cozzone, P. J. (2002). Citrulline/malate promotes aerobic energy production in human exercising muscle.British journal of sports medicine,36(4), 282-289.
- Hickner, R. C., Tanner, C. J., Evans, C. A., Clark, P. D., Haddock, A., Fortune, C., ... & Mccammon, M. (2006). L-citrulline reduces time to exhaustion and insulin response to a graded exercise test.Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 38(4), 660-666.
- Pérez-Guisado, J., & Jakeman, P. M. (2010). Citrulline malate enhances athletic anaerobic performance and relieves muscle soreness.The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(5), 1215-1222.
- Sureda, A., Córdova, A., Ferrer, M. D., Pérez, G., Tur, J. A., & Pons, A. (2010). L-citrulline-malate influence over branched chain amino acid utilization during exercise.European journal of applied physiology, 110(2), 341-351.
Taurine:
- Lampson, W. G., Kramer, J. H., & Schaffer, S. W. (1983). Potentiation of the actions of insulin by taurine. Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology, 61(5), 457-463.
- Huxtable, R., & Bressler, R. (1973). Effect of taurine on a muscle intracellular membrane. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Biomembranes, 323(4), 573-583.
- Bakker, A. J., & Berg, H. M. (2002). Effect of taurine on sarcoplasmic reticulum function and force in skinned fast‐twitch skeletal muscle fibres of the rat. The Journal of physiology, 538(1), 185-194.
- Gwacham, N., & Wagner, D. R. (2012). Acute effects of a caffeine-taurine energy drink on repeated sprint performance of American college football players. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab, 22(2), 109-116.
- Yeh, T. S., Chan, K. H., Hsu, M. C., & Liu, J. F. (2011). Supplementation with soybean peptides, taurine, Pueraria isoflavone, and ginseng saponin complex improves endurance exercise capacity in humans. Journal of medicinal food, 14(3), 219-225.
- Dutka, T. L., Lamboley, C. R., Murphy, R. M., & Lamb, G. D. (2014). Acute effects of taurine on sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ accumulation and contractility in human type I and type II skeletal muscle fibers. Journal of Applied Physiology, 117(7), 797-805.
L-Arginine Alpha Ketoglutarate:
- Tan, B., Yin, Y., Liu, Z., Li, X., Xu, H., Kong, X., ... & Wu, G. (2009). Dietary L-arginine supplementation increases muscle gain and reduces body fat mass in growing-finishing pigs.Amino acids, 37(1), 169-175.
- Huk, I., Nanobashvili, J., Neumayer, C., Punz, A., Mueller, M., Afkhampour, K., ... & Patton, S. (1997). L-arginine treatment alters the kinetics of nitric oxide and superoxide release and reduces ischemia/reperfusion injury in skeletal muscle.Circulation, 96(2), 667-675.
- Yao, K., Yin, Y. L., Chu, W., Liu, Z., Deng, D., Li, T., ... & Wu, G. (2008). Dietary arginine supplementation increases mTOR signaling activity in skeletal muscle of neonatal pigs.The Journal of nutrition, 138(5), 867-872.
- Jobgen, W., Meininger, C. J., Jobgen, S. C., Li, P., Lee, M. J., Smith, S. B., ... & Wu, G. (2008). Dietary L-arginine supplementation reduces white fat gain and enhances skeletal muscle and brown fat masses in diet-induced obese rats.The Journal of nutrition, jn-108.
- Tseh, Wayland1; Cioci, Brian W.1; Morgan, Don W. FACSM2 The Effects of Arginine Alpha-Ketoglutarate Supplementation on Endurance-Trained Females http://journals.lww.com/acsm-msse/Citation/2008/05001/The_Effects_of_Arginine_Alpha_Ketoglutarate.2375.aspx
- Thomas S. Rector, PhD; Alan J. Bank, MD; Kathleen A. Mullen, RN; Linda K. Tschumperlin, RN; Ronald Sih, MD; Kamalesh Pillai, MD; Spencer H. Kubo, MD Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Supplemental Oral L-Arginine in Patients with Heart Failure http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/93/12/2135.full
- E Morikawa, M A Moskowitz, Z Huang, T Yoshida, K Irikura and T Dalkara L-arginine infusion promotes nitric oxide-dependent vasodilation, increases regional cerebral blood flow, and reduces infarction volume in the rat. http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/25/2/429.short
- S M Gardiner, A M Compton, T Bennett, R M Palmer, S Moncada Control of regional blood flow by endothelium-derived nitric oxide.
Agmatine Sulfate:
- Ahn, S. K., S. Hong, et al. (2011). "Effects of agmatine on hypoxic microglia and activity of nitric oxide synthase." Brain Res 1373: 48-54.
- Arndt, M. A., V. Battaglia, et al. (2009). "The arginine metabolite agmatine protects mitochondrial function and confers resistance to cellular apoptosis." Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 296(6): C1411-1419.
- Berkels, R., D. Taubert, et al. (2004). "Agmatine signaling: odds and threads." Cardiovasc Drug Rev 22(1): 7-16.
- Gao, Y., B. Gumusel, et al. (1995). "Agmatine: a novel endogenous vasodilator substance." Life Sci 57(8): PL83-86.
- Haenisch, B., I. von Kugelgen, et al. (2008). "Regulatory mechanisms underlying agmatine homeostasis in humans." Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 295(5): G1104-1110.
- Halaris, A. and J. Plietz (2007). "Agmatine: metabolic pathway and spectrum of activity in brain." CNS Drugs 21(11): 885-900.
- L-arginine stimulation of glucose-induced insulin secretion through membrane depolarization and independent of nitric oxide.
- Keynan, O., Mirovsky, Y., Dekel, S., Gilad, V. H., & Gilad, G. M. (2010). Safety and Efficacy of Dietary Agmatine Sulfate in Lumbar Disc‐associated Radiculopathy. An Open‐label, Dose‐escalating Study Followed by a Randomized, Double‐blind, Placebo‐controlled Trial.Pain Medicine, 11(3), 356-368.
Beta-Alanine:
- Ghiasvand et al. 2011; Effects of Six Weeks of β-alanine Administration on VO(2) max, Time to Exhaustion and Lactate Concentrations in Physical Education Students.
- Baguet et al. 2010; Important role of muscle carnosine in rowing performance.
- Smith et al. 2009; Effects of beta-alanine supplementation and high-intensity interval training on endurance performance and body composition in men; a double-blind trial.
- Smith et al. 2009: The effects of beta-alanine supplementation and high-intensity interval training on neuromuscular fatigue and muscle function.
- Saunders et al. 2012; β-alanine supplementation improves YoYo intermittent recovery test performance.
- Ducker et al. 2012; Effect of beta-alanine supplementation on 2000-m rowing-ergometer performance.
- Walter, A. A., Smith, A. E., Kendall, K. L., Stout, J. R., & Cramer, J. T. (2010). Six weeks of high-intensity interval training with and without β-alanine supplementation for improving cardiovascular fitness in women.The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(5), 1199-1207.
- Abe, H. (2000). Role of histidine-related compounds as intracellular proton buffering constituents in vertebrate muscle.BIOCHEMISTRY C/C OF BIOKHIMIIA, 65(7), 757-765.
N-Acetyl Tyrosine:
- Benedict, C. R., Anderson, G. H., & Sole, M. J. (1983). The influence of oral tyrosine and tryptophan feeding on plasma catecholamines in man.The American journal of clinical nutrition, 38(3), 429-435.
- Alonso, R., Gibson, C. J., Wurtman, R. J., Agharanya, J. C., & Prieto, L. (1982). Elevation of urinary catecholamines and their metabolites following tyrosine administration in humans.Biological psychiatry, 17(7), 781-790.
- Agharanya, J. C., Alonso, R., & Wurtman, R. J. (1981). Changes in catecholamine excretion after short-term tyrosine ingestion in normally fed human subjects.The American journal of clinical nutrition, 34(1), 82-87.
- Acworth, I. N., During, M. J., & Wurtman, R. J. (1988). Tyrosine: effects on catecholamine release.Brain research bulletin, 21(3), 473-477.
- Neri, D. F., Wiegmann, D., Stanny, R. R., Shappell, S. A., McCardie, A., & McKay, D. L. (1995). The effects of tyrosine on cognitive performance during extended wakefulness.Aviation, space, and environmental medicine.
Caffeine Anhydrous:
- Harland, B. F. (2000). Caffeine and nutrition.Nutrition, 16(7), 522-526.
- Goldstein, E. R., Ziegenfuss, T., Kalman, D., Kreider, R., Campbell, B., Wilborn, C., ... & Wildman, R. (2010). International society of sports nutrition position stand: caffeine and performance.J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 7(1), 5.
- Spriet, L. L. (1995). Caffeine and performance.International journal of sport nutrition, 5, S84-S84.
- Astrup, A., Toubro, S., Cannon, S., Hein, P., Breum, L., & Madsen, J. (1990). Caffeine: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of its thermogenic, metabolic, and cardiovascular effects in healthy volunteers.The American journal of clinical nutrition, 51(5), 759-767.
- Hogervorst, E., Bandelow, S., Schmitt, J. A., Jentjens, R., Oliveira, M., Allgrove, J. E., ... & Gleeson, M. (2008). Caffeine improves physical and cognitive performance during exhaustive exercise.
- Woolf, K., Bidwell, W. K., & Carlson, A. G. (2008). The effect of caffeine as an ergogenic aid in anaerobic exercise.International journal of sport nutrition,18(4), 412.
- Stuart, G. R., Hopkins, W. G., Cook, C., & Cairns, S. P. (2005). Multiple effects of caffeine on simulated high-intensity team-sport performance. Medicine and science in sports and exercise,37(11), 1998.
- Beck, T. W., Housh, T. J., Schmidt, R. J., Johnson, G. O., Housh, D. J., Coburn, J. W., & Malek, M. H. (2006). The acute effects of a caffeine-containing supplement on strength, muscular endurance, and anaerobic capabilities.The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 20(3), 506-510.
- McLellan, T. M., Kamimori, G. H., Voss, D. M., Tate, C., & Smith, S. J. (2007). Caffeine effects on physical and cognitive performance during sustained operations.Aviation, space, and environmental medicine, 78(9), 871-877.
- Lieberman, H. R., Tharion, W. J., Shukitt-Hale, B., Speckman, K. L., & Tulley, R. (2002). Effects of caffeine, sleep loss, and stress on cognitive performance and mood during US Navy SEAL training. Psychopharmacology,164(3), 250-261.
- Costill, D. L., Dalsky, G. P., & Fink, W. J. (1977). Effects of caffeine ingestion on metabolism and exercise performance.Medicine and science in sports, 10(3), 155-158.
- Kovacs, E. M., Stegen, J. H., & Brouns, F. (1998). Effect of caffeinated drinks on substrate metabolism, caffeine excretion, and Performance. Journal of Applied physiology,85(2), 709-715.
- Acheson, K. J., Zahorska-Markiewicz, B., Pittet, P., Anantharaman, K., & Jéquier, E. (1980). Caffeine and coffee: their influence on metabolic rate and substrate utilization in normal weight and obese individuals.The American journal of clinical nutrition, 33(5), 989-997.
- Dulloo, A. G., Geissler, C. A., Horton, T., Collins, A., & Miller, D. S. (1989). Normal caffeine consumption: influence on thermogenesis and daily energy expenditure in lean and postobese human volunteers.The American journal of clinical nutrition, 49(1), 44-50.
Theanine:
- Park, S. K., Jung, I. C., Lee, W. K., Lee, Y. S., Park, H. K., Go, H. J., ... & Rho, S. S. (2011). A combination of green tea extract and l-theanine improves memory and attention in subjects with mild cognitive impairment: a double-blind placebo-controlled study. Journal of medicinal food, 14(4), 334-343.
- Owen, G. N., Parnell, H., De Bruin, E. A., & Rycroft, J. A. (2008). The combined effects of L-theanine and caffeine on cognitive performance and mood. Nutritional neuroscience, 11(4), 193-198.
- Giesbrecht, T., Rycroft, J. A., Rowson, M. J., & De Bruin, E. A. (2010). The combination of L-theanine and caffeine improves cognitive performance and increases subjective alertness. Nutritional neuroscience, 13(6), 283-290.